Structure is a user defined data type which is a collection of different elements of different data types stored at a continuous memory location.
Syntax for structure is:
struct name
{
data-type element;
data_type element;
………;
………;
};
struct name variable;
structure function is always declared globally. struct name variable can be written inside the scope of the main function().
eg: struct distance
{
int feet;
float inches;
};
struct distance d;
Here d is the variable of struct distance type. And the memory is automatically given to d variable. then inside the main function, value given to feet and inches will b as shown:
int main()
{
d.feet=5;
d.inches=6.1;
printf(“distance in feet is:%d and in inches:%d\n”,d.feet,d.inches);
}
If variable d is a pointer of struct distance type,then the memory is not allocated directly to the d pointer. then inside main function() the value to feet and inches will be given as follows:
int main()
{
d->feet=5;
d->inches=4.1;
printf(“distance in feet:%d and inches:%d\n”,d->feet,d->inches);
}
when variable is declared of struct distance type then accessing the value is in the form d.feet and d.inches,where ” . ” represents the scope resolution operator.
When pointer is declared of struct distance type then accessing the value is in the form of d->feet and d->inches,where ” . ” is changed to ” -> “.
